T1 : Temperature of the cable (default value = 100☌). Ρ1 = ρ0*(1+alpha(T1-T0)), here ρ0 = resistivity at 20☌ (T0) and alpha = Temperature coefficient per degree C and T1 = temperature of the cable. Usually for voltage drop calculation according to electrical standards it is the resistivity at 100☌ that is used (for example NF C15-100). Resistivity of copper reaches around 0.023 ohm.mm2/m at 100 ☌ and resistivity of aluminium reaches around 0.037 ohm.mm2/m at 100 ☌. Note that resistivity increases with temperature. At 20 celcius degree ☌ the resistivity value is 0.017 for copper and 0.0265 for aluminium. Ρ1 : resistivity in ohm.mm2/m of the materialĬonductor for a given temperature. Single phase wiring, b=1 for three-phased wiring. System is U = Umpp of one panel x number of panels in a serie. NB: for DC voltage drop in photovoltaic system, the voltage of the In North America, a typical three-phase system voltage is 208 volts and single phase voltage is 120 volts. For western European countries a 3-phase circuit will usually have a voltage of 400 V, and single-phase 230V. This is phase-phase voltage for 3-phase system phase-neutral voltage for single-phase system.
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